tawasuyu/brahman

El verbo de COBOL para analizar y limpiar campos de texto.

- IR: Stmt::Inspect { target, op } con InspectOp::TallyingForAll
  (cuenta apariciones y las suma a un contador) y
  InspectOp::ReplacingAll (reemplaza apariciones).
- Parser: INSPECT t TALLYING n FOR ALL lit y
  INSPECT t REPLACING ALL a BY b. Una forma no soportada cae a
  Stmt::Unknown.
- Codegen: TALLYING -> str::matches(..).count(); REPLACING ->
  str::replace.
- Shadow: el intérprete cuenta / reemplaza el texto.
- Corpus: programa nuevo 13-inspeccion. Verificado: el intérprete
  sombra y el crate compilado por scaffold dan la misma salida.

Alcance v1: TALLYING FOR ALL y REPLACING ALL; sin LEADING, FIRST,
CHARACTERS, BEFORE/AFTER.

Tests: charka-ir 26, charka-codegen 20, charka-shadow 18. fmt +
clippy limpios.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.7 <noreply@anthropic.com>

diff --git a/crates/apps/charka/src/main.rs b/crates/apps/charka/src/main.rs
index 4108cdd..9d0d864 100644
--- a/crates/apps/charka/src/main.rs
+++ b/crates/apps/charka/src/main.rs
@@ -290,13 +290,13 @@ mod tests {
         let ir = ir_of(
             "PROCEDURE DIVISION.\n\
              MAIN.\n\
-                 INSPECT WS-X TALLYING WS-N FOR ALL ' '.\n",
+                 INITIALIZE WS-X.\n",
         );
         let mut verbs = Vec::new();
         for proc in &ir.procedures {
             collect_unknowns(&proc.body, &mut verbs);
         }
-        assert_eq!(verbs, vec!["INSPECT".to_string()]);
+        assert_eq!(verbs, vec!["INITIALIZE".to_string()]);
     }
 
     #[test]
diff --git a/crates/modules/charka/SDD.md b/crates/modules/charka/SDD.md
index e5b2455..77ace3d 100644
--- a/crates/modules/charka/SDD.md
+++ b/crates/modules/charka/SDD.md
@@ -85,8 +85,8 @@ Tercera etapa: `Program` → `Ir`. Aquí se parsea cada `Sentence` cruda
   reimplementar la clasificación.
 - `Procedure { name, body: Vec<Stmt> }`. `Stmt` cubre `Move`,
   `Display`, `Accept`, `Compute`, `Add`/`Subtract`/`Multiply`/`Divide`,
-  `If`, `Evaluate`, `StringConcat`, `Unstring`, `Perform`, `GoTo`,
-  `StopRun`, `Goback`, `Exit`, `Continue`.
+  `If`, `Evaluate`, `StringConcat`, `Unstring`, `Inspect`, `Perform`,
+  `GoTo`, `StopRun`, `Goback`, `Exit`, `Continue`.
 - `Expr` — expresiones aritméticas con precedencia y paréntesis (Pratt:
   `+ -` < `* /` < `**` der.). `Cond` — comparaciones (símbolo o forma
   palabra) unidas por `AND`/`OR`/`NOT`, más nombres de condición
@@ -102,7 +102,8 @@ Tercera etapa: `Program` → `Ir`. Aquí se parsea cada `Sentence` cruda
 - `EVALUATE subject WHEN ... WHEN OTHER` — el `case` de COBOL, por
   igualdad de valor (no la forma `EVALUATE TRUE` con condiciones).
 - `STRING` (concatenación) y `UNSTRING` (partición por delimitador) —
-  el manejo de cadenas.
+  el manejo de cadenas. `INSPECT` — contar (`TALLYING FOR ALL`) y
+  reemplazar (`REPLACING ALL`).
 - Fuera de alcance v1: E/S de ficheros, CICS, SQL embebido.
 
 ## charka-runtime
@@ -174,8 +175,8 @@ que corre el `Ir` directamente sobre `charka-runtime`, sin compilar.
 
 ## El corpus
 
-`crates/modules/charka/corpus/` — 12 programas COBOL graduados
-(`01-hola` … `12-cadenas`), cada uno con su `.expected`. Ejercita el
+`crates/modules/charka/corpus/` — 13 programas COBOL graduados
+(`01-hola` … `13-inspeccion`), cada uno con su `.expected`. Ejercita el
 pipeline completo de punta a punta. Ver su `README.md`.
 
 ## La CLI
diff --git a/crates/modules/charka/charka-codegen/src/lib.rs b/crates/modules/charka/charka-codegen/src/lib.rs
index c5f9e4a..82331b2 100644
--- a/crates/modules/charka/charka-codegen/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/modules/charka/charka-codegen/src/lib.rs
@@ -280,8 +280,8 @@ mod tests {
     fn unknown_verb_becomes_a_comment() {
         let out = gen("PROCEDURE DIVISION.\n\
              MAIN.\n\
-                 INSPECT WS-X TALLYING WS-N FOR ALL ' '.\n");
-        assert!(out.contains("// charka: verbo no transpilado — INSPECT"));
+                 INITIALIZE WS-X.\n");
+        assert!(out.contains("// charka: verbo no transpilado — INITIALIZE"));
     }
 
     #[test]
@@ -384,6 +384,21 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(out.contains("__it.next().unwrap_or(\"\")"));
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn inspect_emits_tally_and_replace() {
+        let out = gen("DATA DIVISION.\n\
+             WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.\n\
+             01 WS-T PIC X(10).\n\
+             01 WS-N PIC 9(3).\n\
+             PROCEDURE DIVISION.\n\
+             MAIN.\n\
+                 INSPECT WS-T TALLYING WS-N FOR ALL 'X'.\n\
+                 INSPECT WS-T REPLACING ALL 'X' BY 'Y'.\n");
+        assert!(out.contains(".matches("));
+        assert!(out.contains("Decimal::from_integer(__n)"));
+        assert!(out.contains(".replace("));
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn empty_program_still_compiles_shape() {
         let out = gen("");
diff --git a/crates/modules/charka/charka-codegen/src/stmt.rs b/crates/modules/charka/charka-codegen/src/stmt.rs
index 100761a..8e51c14 100644
--- a/crates/modules/charka/charka-codegen/src/stmt.rs
+++ b/crates/modules/charka/charka-codegen/src/stmt.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
 //! Emisión de los statements del PROCEDURE: cada [`Stmt`] se traduce a
 //! una o varias líneas de código Rust sobre `charka-runtime`.
 
-use charka_ir::{CmpOp, Cond, Operand, Perform, PerformControl, PerformTarget, Stmt, WhenBranch};
+use charka_ir::{
+    CmpOp, Cond, InspectOp, Operand, Perform, PerformControl, PerformTarget, Stmt, WhenBranch,
+};
 
 use crate::emit::Emitter;
 use crate::expr::{
@@ -82,6 +84,7 @@ pub(crate) fn emit_stmt(em: &mut Emitter, sym: &Symbols, stmt: &Stmt) {
             delimiter,
             into,
         } => emit_unstring(em, sym, source, delimiter, into),
+        Stmt::Inspect { target, op } => emit_inspect(em, sym, target, op),
         Stmt::Perform(p) => emit_perform(em, sym, p),
         Stmt::GoTo { target } => {
             em.line(&format!(
@@ -423,6 +426,38 @@ fn emit_unstring(
     em.line("}");
 }
 
+/// `INSPECT` — cuenta (`TALLYING`) o reemplaza (`REPLACING`).
+fn emit_inspect(em: &mut Emitter, sym: &Symbols, target: &Operand, op: &InspectOp) {
+    match op {
+        InspectOp::TallyingForAll { counter, search } => {
+            em.line("{");
+            em.indent();
+            em.line(&format!(
+                "let __n = ({}).matches({}).count() as i128;",
+                operand_display(sym, target),
+                operand_str(sym, search)
+            ));
+            match field_ref(sym, counter) {
+                Some((lref, FieldKind::Num { .. })) => em.line(&format!(
+                    "{lref}.store({lref}.value().add(&Decimal::from_integer(__n)));"
+                )),
+                _ => em.line("// charka: contador INSPECT no resuelto"),
+            }
+            em.dedent();
+            em.line("}");
+        }
+        InspectOp::ReplacingAll { from, to } => {
+            let replaced = format!(
+                "({}).replace({}, {})",
+                operand_display(sym, target),
+                operand_str(sym, from),
+                operand_str(sym, to)
+            );
+            emit_store_text(em, sym, target, &format!("{replaced}.as_str()"));
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 fn emit_perform(em: &mut Emitter, sym: &Symbols, p: &Perform) {
     // Emite el "cuerpo": la llamada al párrafo o el bloque en línea.
     let emit_body = |em: &mut Emitter, sym: &Symbols| match &p.target {
diff --git a/crates/modules/charka/charka-ir/src/ast.rs b/crates/modules/charka/charka-ir/src/ast.rs
index c3f50d9..e186521 100644
--- a/crates/modules/charka/charka-ir/src/ast.rs
+++ b/crates/modules/charka/charka-ir/src/ast.rs
@@ -183,6 +183,8 @@ pub enum Stmt {
         delimiter: Operand,
         into: Vec<Operand>,
     },
+    /// `INSPECT target ...` — cuenta o reemplaza caracteres.
+    Inspect { target: Operand, op: InspectOp },
     /// `PERFORM ...` — ver [`Perform`].
     Perform(Perform),
     /// `GO TO target`
@@ -200,6 +202,16 @@ pub enum Stmt {
     Unknown { verb: String, tokens: Vec<Token> },
 }
 
+/// La operación de un `INSPECT`.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
+pub enum InspectOp {
+    /// `TALLYING counter FOR ALL search` — suma a `counter` la cantidad
+    /// de apariciones de `search` en el destino.
+    TallyingForAll { counter: Operand, search: Operand },
+    /// `REPLACING ALL from BY to` — reemplaza las apariciones de `from`.
+    ReplacingAll { from: Operand, to: Operand },
+}
+
 /// Una rama `WHEN` de un `EVALUATE`: los valores que la disparan
 /// (varios `WHEN` apilados comparten cuerpo) y el cuerpo a ejecutar.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
diff --git a/crates/modules/charka/charka-ir/src/lib.rs b/crates/modules/charka/charka-ir/src/lib.rs
index 2e1a445..a93e490 100644
--- a/crates/modules/charka/charka-ir/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/modules/charka/charka-ir/src/lib.rs
@@ -17,9 +17,9 @@
 //! `ACCEPT`, `COMPUTE` (con expresiones con precedencia), `ADD`,
 //! `SUBTRACT`, `MULTIPLY`, `DIVIDE`, `IF`/`ELSE`/`END-IF` (con
 //! condiciones `AND`/`OR`/`NOT`), `EVALUATE`/`WHEN`, `STRING`,
-//! `UNSTRING`, `PERFORM` (fuera de línea, en línea, `TIMES`, `UNTIL`,
-//! `VARYING`), `GO TO`, `STOP RUN`, `GOBACK`, `EXIT`, `CONTINUE`.
-//! Fuera de alcance: E/S de ficheros, CICS y SQL embebido.
+//! `UNSTRING`, `INSPECT`, `PERFORM` (fuera de línea, en línea,
+//! `TIMES`, `UNTIL`, `VARYING`), `GO TO`, `STOP RUN`, `GOBACK`,
+//! `EXIT`, `CONTINUE`. Fuera de alcance: E/S de ficheros, CICS y SQL.
 
 #![forbid(unsafe_code)]
 
@@ -383,6 +383,33 @@ mod tests {
         }
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn inspect_tallying_and_replacing_parse() {
+        let b = body("INSPECT WS-T TALLYING WS-N FOR ALL 'A'.");
+        match &b[0] {
+            Stmt::Inspect {
+                target,
+                op: InspectOp::TallyingForAll { counter, search },
+            } => {
+                assert_eq!(target, &Operand::Data("WS-T".into()));
+                assert_eq!(counter, &Operand::Data("WS-N".into()));
+                assert_eq!(search, &Operand::Str("A".into()));
+            }
+            other => panic!("se esperaba INSPECT TALLYING, vino {other:?}"),
+        }
+        let b = body("INSPECT WS-T REPLACING ALL 'A' BY 'O'.");
+        match &b[0] {
+            Stmt::Inspect {
+                op: InspectOp::ReplacingAll { from, to },
+                ..
+            } => {
+                assert_eq!(from, &Operand::Str("A".into()));
+                assert_eq!(to, &Operand::Str("O".into()));
+            }
+            other => panic!("se esperaba INSPECT REPLACING, vino {other:?}"),
+        }
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn several_statements_in_one_sentence() {
         let b = body("MOVE 1 TO X DISPLAY X STOP RUN.");
@@ -394,10 +421,10 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn unrecognized_verb_becomes_unknown() {
-        let b = body("INSPECT WS-X TALLYING WS-N FOR ALL ' '.");
+        let b = body("INITIALIZE WS-X WS-Y.");
         match &b[0] {
             Stmt::Unknown { verb, tokens } => {
-                assert_eq!(verb, "INSPECT");
+                assert_eq!(verb, "INITIALIZE");
                 assert!(!tokens.is_empty());
             }
             other => panic!("se esperaba Unknown, vino {other:?}"),
diff --git a/crates/modules/charka/charka-ir/src/stmt.rs b/crates/modules/charka/charka-ir/src/stmt.rs
index 6ec13a9..73107be 100644
--- a/crates/modules/charka/charka-ir/src/stmt.rs
+++ b/crates/modules/charka/charka-ir/src/stmt.rs
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 
 use charka_parser::TokenKind;
 
-use crate::ast::{Operand, Perform, PerformControl, PerformTarget, Stmt, WhenBranch};
+use crate::ast::{InspectOp, Operand, Perform, PerformControl, PerformTarget, Stmt, WhenBranch};
 use crate::cursor::{parse_operand, Cursor};
 use crate::expr::{parse_cond, parse_expr};
 use crate::kw::{is_boundary, is_terminator, is_verb};
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ fn parse_one_stmt(c: &mut Cursor, stops: &[&str]) -> Stmt {
         "EVALUATE" => parse_evaluate(c),
         "STRING" => parse_string(c),
         "UNSTRING" => parse_unstring(c),
+        "INSPECT" => parse_inspect(c),
         "PERFORM" => parse_perform(c),
         "GO" => parse_goto(c),
         "STOP" => parse_stop(c),
@@ -378,6 +379,39 @@ fn parse_unstring(c: &mut Cursor) -> Stmt {
     }
 }
 
+fn parse_inspect(c: &mut Cursor) -> Stmt {
+    c.bump(); // INSPECT
+    let target = parse_operand(c);
+    if c.eat_word("TALLYING") {
+        let counter = parse_operand(c);
+        c.eat_word("FOR");
+        c.eat_word("ALL");
+        let search = parse_operand(c);
+        skip_to_stmt_boundary(c);
+        Stmt::Inspect {
+            target,
+            op: InspectOp::TallyingForAll { counter, search },
+        }
+    } else if c.eat_word("REPLACING") {
+        c.eat_word("ALL");
+        let from = parse_operand(c);
+        c.eat_word("BY");
+        let to = parse_operand(c);
+        skip_to_stmt_boundary(c);
+        Stmt::Inspect {
+            target,
+            op: InspectOp::ReplacingAll { from, to },
+        }
+    } else {
+        // Forma de INSPECT que la v1 no modela.
+        skip_to_stmt_boundary(c);
+        Stmt::Unknown {
+            verb: "INSPECT".to_string(),
+            tokens: Vec::new(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 fn parse_perform(c: &mut Cursor) -> Stmt {
     c.bump(); // PERFORM
 
diff --git a/crates/modules/charka/charka-shadow/src/interp.rs b/crates/modules/charka/charka-shadow/src/interp.rs
index ddde260..ccbd439 100644
--- a/crates/modules/charka/charka-shadow/src/interp.rs
+++ b/crates/modules/charka/charka-shadow/src/interp.rs
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 
 use charka_ir::{
-    BinOp, CmpOp, Cond, ConditionName, Expr, Figurative, Ir, Operand, Perform, PerformControl,
-    PerformTarget, Stmt,
+    BinOp, CmpOp, Cond, ConditionName, Expr, Figurative, InspectOp, Ir, Operand, Perform,
+    PerformControl, PerformTarget, Stmt,
 };
 use charka_runtime::{cobol_text_cmp, Decimal, Rounding};
 
@@ -270,6 +270,33 @@ impl<'a> Machine<'a> {
                 }
                 Flow::Normal
             }
+            Stmt::Inspect { target, op } => {
+                match op {
+                    InspectOp::TallyingForAll { counter, search } => {
+                        let hay = self.eval_text(target);
+                        let needle = self.eval_text(search);
+                        let n = if needle.is_empty() {
+                            0
+                        } else {
+                            hay.matches(needle.as_str()).count()
+                        };
+                        let cur = self.eval_decimal(counter);
+                        self.store(counter, cur.add(&Decimal::from_integer(n as i128)), false);
+                    }
+                    InspectOp::ReplacingAll { from, to } => {
+                        let hay = self.eval_text(target);
+                        let f = self.eval_text(from);
+                        let t = self.eval_text(to);
+                        let new = if f.is_empty() {
+                            hay
+                        } else {
+                            hay.replace(f.as_str(), t.as_str())
+                        };
+                        self.store_text(target, &new);
+                    }
+                }
+                Flow::Normal
+            }
             Stmt::Perform(p) => self.exec_perform(p),
             Stmt::GoTo { target } => {
                 // Aproximación: ejecuta el destino y sale del párrafo.
diff --git a/crates/modules/charka/charka-shadow/src/lib.rs b/crates/modules/charka/charka-shadow/src/lib.rs
index 2d1b901..767d621 100644
--- a/crates/modules/charka/charka-shadow/src/lib.rs
+++ b/crates/modules/charka/charka-shadow/src/lib.rs
@@ -121,6 +121,7 @@ mod tests {
     corpus_test!(corpus_10_condicion, "10-condicion");
     corpus_test!(corpus_11_tabla, "11-tabla");
     corpus_test!(corpus_12_cadenas, "12-cadenas");
+    corpus_test!(corpus_13_inspeccion, "13-inspeccion");
 
     #[test]
     fn empty_source_runs_clean() {
diff --git a/crates/modules/charka/corpus/13-inspeccion.cob b/crates/modules/charka/corpus/13-inspeccion.cob
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5693862
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/modules/charka/corpus/13-inspeccion.cob
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+* corpus charka — nivel 6: INSPECT (contar y reemplazar)
+IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
+PROGRAM-ID. INSPECCION.
+DATA DIVISION.
+WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
+01 WS-TEXTO  PIC X(15) VALUE 'BANANA-MANZANA'.
+01 WS-CUENTA PIC 9(3)  VALUE 0.
+PROCEDURE DIVISION.
+MAIN.
+    INSPECT WS-TEXTO TALLYING WS-CUENTA FOR ALL 'A'.
+    DISPLAY 'LETRAS A = ' WS-CUENTA.
+    INSPECT WS-TEXTO REPLACING ALL 'A' BY 'O'.
+    DISPLAY 'TEXTO = ' WS-TEXTO.
+    STOP RUN.
diff --git a/crates/modules/charka/corpus/13-inspeccion.expected b/crates/modules/charka/corpus/13-inspeccion.expected
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3dd5e53
--- /dev/null
+++ b/crates/modules/charka/corpus/13-inspeccion.expected
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+LETRAS A = 006
+TEXTO = BONONO-MONZONO
diff --git a/crates/modules/charka/corpus/README.md b/crates/modules/charka/corpus/README.md
index cb7e1a8..69834d5 100644
--- a/crates/modules/charka/corpus/README.md
+++ b/crates/modules/charka/corpus/README.md
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ salida correcta, una línea por `DISPLAY`.
 | `10-condicion`      | 5     | nombres de condición (nivel 88) en `IF`            |
 | `11-tabla`          | 6     | tablas (`OCCURS`) y referencias con subíndice      |
 | `12-cadenas`        | 6     | `STRING` (concatenar) y `UNSTRING` (partir)        |
+| `13-inspeccion`     | 6     | `INSPECT` — contar (`TALLYING`) y reemplazar       |
 
 ## Formato
 
diff --git a/docs/changelog/charka.md b/docs/changelog/charka.md
index 5f71d1d..546324b 100644
--- a/docs/changelog/charka.md
+++ b/docs/changelog/charka.md
@@ -3,6 +3,24 @@
 Transpilador COBOL → Rust. El módulo más grande del ecosistema (Fase D
 del plan macro) — el parser COBOL completo es un esfuerzo multi-mes.
 
+### feat(charka): INSPECT — contar y reemplazar caracteres
+
+El verbo de COBOL para analizar y limpiar campos de texto.
+
+- IR: `Stmt::Inspect { target, op }` con `InspectOp::TallyingForAll`
+  (cuenta apariciones y las suma a un contador) y
+  `InspectOp::ReplacingAll` (reemplaza apariciones).
+- Parser: `INSPECT t TALLYING n FOR ALL lit` y
+  `INSPECT t REPLACING ALL a BY b`. Una forma no soportada cae a
+  `Stmt::Unknown`.
+- Codegen: `TALLYING` → `str::matches(..).count()`; `REPLACING` →
+  `str::replace`.
+- Shadow: el intérprete cuenta / reemplaza el texto.
+- Corpus: programa nuevo `13-inspeccion`. Verificado: el intérprete
+  sombra y el crate compilado dan la misma salida.
+- Alcance v1: `TALLYING FOR ALL` y `REPLACING ALL`; sin `LEADING`,
+  `FIRST`, `CHARACTERS`, `BEFORE`/`AFTER`.
+
 ### feat(charka): STRING y UNSTRING — manejo de cadenas
 
 Dos verbos comunes de COBOL para construir y partir cadenas.